>> bbcorld news is presented by kcet in los angeles. funding was made possible by t freeman foundati of new york, ste vermont, and honolulu. the newman's own undation and e john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation macarthur foundation >> millions fled to pakistan paws bloody campai to eliminate the tiban, but now some are headinhome. what will they find ther if some pters of the president of zimbabwe support to try edit constitution trade and welcome inheritae -- is support -- w [unintelligible]

welcome to bbc wor news, broadcastn pbs in america and around the globe. comingp later, living lighter and spending less -- amecans taking community living mainstream. the powe is in those polls and how mh ago you have in your legs. invation that is the enbike. >> in theory, i is with the fighng is all abt, but this is the acid test on a massive scale. arnd 2 million peoe fled eiromes in pakistan's swat valley as the mility fought to clear thtaliban and make it a place where people could live in peace. now, the army has declaremost of the valley fe and is urging those millionto go home.

but man aresing. they did not bieve the taliba are really gone we have th report from islamabad on the dficult decision othose who call sw valley home. >> waking upor the last time in a camp, the wave ofpeople ooding down from t northwest frontier goes into revers today the tide chang and the government says it is time to go home. th are packinghe ten, cooking equipment, andthe emgency supplies because they do not know what expect when they return. pakistan possible armed forces sed considerable firepow, including artilleryto force out the taliban. many homes were destroyed. un agencies have secured a agreementrom the government that the returneshould be luntaryand, in some camps, people stay put while they argue for better compensation treed there are otr conces as well. >> this and says he was to

take his family back but is frightenedoth of governmt forces and the taliban. he says he will only go home if it is fe. the problem i no one can guarantee safety. the military have secured the roads with aeavily armed presence on the ground and helicopter gunships roaminthe skies. buttaliban militants have melt away for now and could reart their ofnsive at any time. this man says he doesn't kw what to expect when they goome orhether there wille any food. the government sa it will be dierent this time in the northwest frontier they will bring servisike power, water, d better schools. the return of these displaced ople is a big test of their olitical resolve to bring government where thereas none before. >> in pakistan, at leasnine

people have en killed and more than 50 injuredn a blast at house. the explosio flattened, the cleric hasgain children leons on the koran. at least seven children are among the dead. it is nearly eight years since international troop were first depled in ighboring afghantan. at least 1200 soldierof all nationalities have lost thr lives. those lossesre brought into shp focus today he memorial svice for eit brish servicemen kill a sing 24 our time frame. we have this report. >> prime minister gordon brown isoming under sustained political attack over th campaign in afghanistan. conservatives accuse the government of catastrophicay nder equiping the british armed forces. people wil say escially today that our urgent prrity isto get thright equipment to our forces on thfront lines.

they are right. we must do that. t is a scandain particular that they lack enough helicopters to me around in southern afghanistan the government must dealith that issue as a matt of extreme emergey. still fighting the operatn, british forcesush ahead in key areas bere elections ts august. many here say that it i clear that despite the american insurgents south of here, they must send more troops. >> we willeed more tros now to cover t taxollars and stragic opportunities weoss from lac of troops and overambitis targets. second, in terms of equipment, if you eak to the m coming back, they do not complain about equipment. e only exception to that is helicopters. >>s t flagsflew at hal mast for britain's dt, the governmeefended the mission. we do n want to bin

ghanistan forever and a day ou strategy is designed to enhance the tactics of the tionalfghan army, police, and so they can secure the situation a ensure afgnistan does n go back to being big crublend a green ground for terrorism as it was in 2001. >> but the pressure on the government is mounting. > in the u.k., a video of a british soldier screaming abuse at distressed, whoid iraqi isoners hasbeen shown to a publ inquiry. if this is the first day of th hearing investigating the death of a hotel receptionist who was detaine in 2003. e inquiry will spotlight the so cled conditioning technies used on other detainees. weave this report.

>> incrimating evidence fell by one of the soldiers emselves. corpor donaldayne sh and swears at the detnees. ey are forced to maintn painful potions and one says he was urinated on and scalded with water from a radiator. the inquy ll hear that the corporal conducd what he called thecreams and groans of his victims. the man says what was it the man was 26 years old, t father ofwo and a hotel reptionist. an inocent man, asphyxiated and left with 93 separate in this -- 93 separate injuries. >> we needo find out who was responble and who knew what on earth was going here. >> there are five so-caled conditioni techniques used to soften up detainees before

interrogion and they are nned by the neva conventions. they are heading,hile standing, subjection tonoise, sleep deprivation, and depration of food and drink. these techniques were outlawed by the british governmentn the 1970's since their use in northern ireland. the inquiry wts to know who approved or condone theirse in soutrn iraq. counsel for the iniry says we propose follow the chain o commd from the soldier the grou up as f as ileaves. -- as far as it lds us. they say tat the treatment began from theoment they were received as prisoners. some of the detainee's say toilets re flushed over their heads. a court-maial found oy the corporal guilty of mistreatment to which she cfessed. the judge says he eountered a wall o silence and alosing of militaryanks. if no one hs ever been punished for the deathsn british

custody of the m. >> of a lot of armedonflict -- >> th ministry of defence sai it has dona lot to improv traini since he died anit is cooperatinwith the inquiry. he mits there are more lessons learn. he fought a long lal battle for this inquiry a his family and other detainees have received almost 3 million pous in coensation. they want something else. justice. >> thereaseen unst in western china after days of relatively -- daysf relative calm. they s police have killed two ethnicuigur. the sayhot him in bed to protect another uigur who was being attacked. a crushing electoral feet in toky. it is the sixth local ordinance will vote the party has lost in

weeks. the liberalemocratic party has ruled jap for more th half a century. prosecutors in germany have formall charged a suspected nazi guar on arly 28ounts of acting as an accesso to murder. the man is now 89 years old and accused of helping to hea tens of thousands of jews into the gas chambers while working as a guard in the nazi-occupied poland lawyers for charles taylor had begun presenting his defense in the hague. the former liberian president is accused of leading camign of mortar -- murdernd torture. his dense lawyer to the tribunal that he triedo broker ace in the neighboring country. supportersf zimbabwe's president haveroken up a meeting aimed at draing a new constitution. mites after the stake holders of convention and sta, hundreds ofctivists drowned t the speaker with cnts and singing. we have this report from uth africa.

>> for the few who believed zimbabwe's por-sharing agreementctually works, monday'events are hard to explain. this meeting of civil society leaders and politicians was aimed at startg a public consultion over a new nstitution. fearful of process they cannot control, supports of robert mugabe launch a well coornated plan to wreck . minutesinto the speaker, the man was drowned out withongs fro zimbabwe path guerrilla war filling a halt. scuffles bke out between delegates and riot pice came in to clear the room for one minister, it wa jst another ample of his partners lack of it lack of commitment. clearly, there are some people who don'tant the countryto write a constitution. ere are people who see the constition as an enemy to zimbabwe.

[unintelligible] >> it ha been 10 tortous months since the signing of the power-sharing deal. the economy, thanks to e ditching of the zimbabwe dollar has stabilized, a former opposition have very little politically to showor their patience the ght at thend of the tunnel for them is the prospect of electis next year. for th to happen, a new constitution has to be in place. that isomethingwhich the president and his supporters are all too aware of >> this still to come -- there are suggestions that some political prisone in bma will be free to stand in elections. will ang san soo ky be amon them? >> five police offers have

been hedelated to northern eland's marching season. youths threw petrol bombs and ston in north belfast. we have thiseport. >> the trole began as police arrived to try to patrol a mar by the prottant armed order. theriters determined that the parade would n go ahead. as well as petrol bombs, the t golf bal, bricks, and fireworks. the police have been well prepared. they were expectin trouble tonigh the problem haseen the writers e also well prepared. ttry to restore order, extr police arrived. morethan 70 officers were here in hh gear. they use all means possible to push te troubleakers back. sinn fein said the seven republicans opposed tthe peace process stir up the violence. a number ofroups involved

in the real ira or whaver they call themselves. ty have no concern for t people of is area. >> there are exemists elements in the community and think the greatest numbeof people in northe ireland to not want to see this. >> the orange march was eventually allowed tgo ahead, albeit with a heavy police cort. most pades' passed witht incide and the righwill not rock the peacerocess. it was a reminder there i delay violent element in rthern ireland that refuses to gaway. >> one main headline for you

this hou-- pakian's military is reopening roads into thewat valley toncourage some of the two million displaced people to returnome. many are ructant. irma is preparing to release political prisone and allow themo -- or, is allowin them to take place in election they dinot say if the opposion leader, aungsan suu kyio would b released. when the nintelligible] he called on them to lease all polital prisoners and hold free and fair electns next year. his reest to meet the jailed opposition leaderas turned down by the top gerals in burma. he seemed to leave emp-handed butow the burmese authorities ve made this conceson. >> at the request ofhe

secretary genal, the governme is [unintelligibl and ebling them to participate in t 2010 general eltions. >> an estimated two thousan100 political isoners languish i gels in burma. it is not clear how many will be released this time. authorities to releas groups of prisoners piodically, following viss by u.s officials. iteems unlikely that aun san suu kyi will be released. she is on trial, accuseof brking the terms of herouse arrest. t officials will be relieved ofis it did pruce something. the secretary general cautiously welced the move. >> this is encouraging,ut i would have to continue to follow up on h they would implement all thessues raised during my business. >> next year's eltion will be

the first snce 1990 which was won by aung san suu kyi's party, only to have the gerals ignore the sults. already, has been widely criticized as a way of furthering the general's power. u.s. officials will be tching closely to see if the release of litical prisoners deadly -- does lead to a an >> the u.s. senate has begun a hearing into whether to confirm president obama' choice for supreme court justice, sonia sotomayor. if she i composed -- if she is confirmed, she will be the first hispanic american on the top american crt. she adessed the hearings earlier. >> i have served as an appellat judge for over a decade. deciding why range of nstitutional, statutory, and other legal questions.

-- a wide range of constitutional, statutorynd other gal questions. if the out years on the bench, i have witness the human consequences of my decisis. those decisions have not been ade to serve te interests anyone livg in, butlways to serve the larger intert of partial justice. >> w do you build a good life from the ground up? in tough times, more people are looking at comnal living. our special corspondent has beenhecking ou two quite diffent examples. shetarted in the northern.s. state maine. >> they kne how toarm, cook, teac and nurse. they know how to read busines w to build a home. now, they want to build aodel, lti-generationalural community on these 30 acres outside lfast, maine. togeer, they will raise children in chickens, share

meals, and transrt. >> ople thought in t beginning this was a story i'd dream. but st fall, pris spike for fo and fuel andsuddenly this became not ch a dumb ea. >> in t years, there shoulbe farmland,n orchard, a common house, and tightly clustered private homes all super insulated using solar ergy. this means sharing their lives but notheir incomes. in belfast, ty are takg community livingainstream. it is some way from this idea of trational communal lifehich we und a thriving inouthern virginia the sister commuties o acorn and twin oaks share 60 years experience and more than 100 numbers. they have different answers to the big issues li howmuch is private and how much do you share. >> the is a spectm. there are about 2000 communities

in the united statesnd we are the far end of the ectrum. if iis possible t share, we share it. buildings, bycles, bank accots. >> these areeans for seed. th is our heritage harvest festival tomato patch. >> the smaer acorn committee sells organic proce and rare seedon line. if they make a hasome profit. thapproach isifferent, more talk of anarchy an altnative living unless oproperty invement. but in any cooperative, me things stay th sam >> it isasyo focuson buildings and the land and rdens and fun projects you want to do and lose sight of t fact that you are going to have to live with people and metimes it's a joy and sotimes it's a challge. >> it's great have our fir meeting. >> backn belfas they are just starting out, still debating what theyhould be name but they are not alone in trying

to live a cleaner, simpl life. >> new brish rearch into obesi suggests a strong relationship betwn mothers and daughters and dauters and sons, bu not across the gender divide. it may be apparent's havior rather than genetics ming some childr overweight. >> it is a prlem, putting health ever-increasing rest. i 2050, half the cape populaon coulbe obese. today's [unintelgible] this woman and her 11-role dauger both struggle wh theiway and are working hard to dobetter now. each think clercad a big inuence on old habits. >> somhing inside, i've aays wanted to do what my mom d, he

was my mom did. >> chicks at the -- chips and burgers. i tnk i'm to blame for her ight. >>they were helped by the men who work wh pents and childreno develop tter and mo acve habits. experts already knew of theity ran in families, but for the first time, rearch shows clear genderink. it founof these mothers were 10imes more likely tha others of normal weight to have daughters who are serusly overweight. obie's fatrs were six times as likely to ha sons withweight problems but there was no such influence between the ses. moths aecting sons or thers daughters. t is well known that obesity is a health time mb and a lot of government effort has gone into helpinghildren like the ones inhis class developing healthy habits. there's nothinwrong with what ey're doing, but the study suggests the emphasis nds to shift and more emphas needs to go into changing habits of parents. maybe we should getogether

withur kids and eat better. the latest gernment healthy living promotion targets parents and children. but experts s it's aimeat the wrong age. >> this shou turn e governmen's imagination to looking at pregnancy, preconception breast fding, earlyattrition, winnin in a much more concentratefashion. >> obesity has many uses. they know teir life styles are e key to change, but the research ione explanati into how they got there the first place. >>in berlin, a way to reduce traffic emissns. it's an electric bike powere by ddling. emissions are zero and speed of up to 80 kilometers an hour our correspondentent to see it inction. >> here is something you don't see very often - a sports car

overtaken by a bicyc. but this is no ordinary bike. it is the e-rocket. it is its along at up to 80 kilometers an hour, makg most of these cars look like ow coaches. it is half bicycle and have motorbike. it has an electc tor, so therare no carbon emissions polluting the atmosphere but to make it move you have to paddle that means that it keeps you fit as wel >> the way you controthe speed of theotor is through peddling. you have to paddland if you do not, it doesn't mo. like with bicycle. if you are lazy, u can just stay. >> it certainly the t of the traffic. bern drivers have not seen anythinguite like it before. >> he is the big test. they aren the starting line at

a red light in berlin. a motorbe, a couple of audis and v-rocket. who will be first away? there you have it. pedal power lds the way. he has been developing this dream bike inhis garage. he is convinced that ped power could be installed and oer forms of transpo li speedboatsnd lorries. i think many lorry drivers would appreciate it. ey could actually do exercises stead of just writing fr 12 hours. that would make themuch more healthy a probably much more happy. >> as for the e-rocket, it might be spey, but it's not cap. it will set you back $40,000. but at least to keep e planet clean d keep yo healy and

keep you in the fastane. >> the ehusiasm is catchy, but the price might need toove the bed. cat owners may have suspected as much, but it seems our feline friends have found a way to manipulate uhumans. you will know th sound -- researchers at their university of sussex say cats use saypurrs to garner attention and fd. this sound icorporates crime with similar frequency to a human baby. it seems that cats ha tapped into a human by usnd wefind it difficu to ignore. >> bbc world ws was presented kcet in los angeles. funding was made possiblby the freeman fodation of new york, stowe vermont, and honolul the newman'own foundation and the john d. and catherine t. macarthur fountion. macarthur fountion.