initiated by the then first secretary of the central committee nikita khrushchev. the decision to transfer crimea to ukraine was at that time one of many, almost ordinary actions of the country's leadership to change the administrative borders of republics and regions within the ussr, and decades later it led to historical consequences and changed the fate of millions of people. justification. the need to transfer crimea to the ossr sounded purely pragmatic in party documents, taking into account the commonality of the economy, territorial proximity and close economic and cultural ties between crimean region of the ukrainian ussr. according to one version, khrushchev wanted the construction of the north crimean canal from ukraine to the peninsula to be supervised by kiev, not moscow. according to another, crimea with its resorts became a gift from khrushchev. ukrainian party nomenklatura, to

the tercentenary of the reunification of ukraine with russia. be that as it may, what they definitely didn’t do 70 years ago during the transfer of crimea was not ask the crimeans themselves. do they want to become part of, albeit fraternal, but still another union republic? the issue is not only economic, but cultural integration crimean residents went to ukraine for officials. unprincipled, no big deal, because all are soviet people, but with the beginning of the collapse processes in the nineties, the issue became on the agenda . in january ninety-first, at a referendum, the majority of crimeans spoke in favor of the autonomy of crimea with the possibility of signing a new union treaty with the ussr, in ninety- four, during a general crimean poll, which was essentially also a referendum, residents of the peninsula spoke in favor of the possibility of... citizenship, ukrainian

and russian, but kiev was not going to agree a meeting of decisions for which the russian-speaking majority of residents of the peninsula voted. in ninety-five, the verkhovna rada abolished the constitution of crimea in ninety-two and abolished the post of president of this republic. in the crimean constitution of 1998, the rights of autonomy within ukraine were significantly limited. then there were two maidans: significant restrictions on the russian language in the public space of education, attempts to revise historical memory and oust everything russian from it. in 2014, 60 years after the khrushchev transfer peninsula of ukraine, the crimeans decided to restore historical justice and return to the russian federation.

the decision was made to transfer crimea to the ukrainian ussr 70 years ago, how they tried to ukrainize crimea and what consequences this led to, in the story of anna efimova. moscow 1935, instead of double-headed imperial eagles , soviet stars are installed on the kremlin tower. the footage is largely symbolic; at the same time , the star of nikita’s political career begins to rise. khruchev, a party leader whose name years later will be inseparable associated with the history of crimea in the most negative way. you see, the limit was in 1954, did anyone ask us, the political trail of khrushchev’s decision will make itself felt later, with the collapse of the union, but for now the calendar year is 1953, stalin dies in the highest echelons of power and there is a behind-the-scenes struggle. in october 53 shortly after his election as the first. secretary of the cpsu central committee and shortly before

the transfer of crimea to ukraine, khrushchev personally went to the peninsula. at that time, he was still not the absolute master of the situation in the country. malenkov remains, molotov remains. this is where this headache of his appears, how he can come to power. the leaders of the state party are starting to travel to crimea, and in fact, they are doing things there. state dachas, and there at the dachas they sat, spent time and most importantly shared with each other their thoughts on what they wanted to do, how they wanted to do it, who to appoint, who to remove from the department, this is why crimea was simply necessary for khrushchev, very necessary, and khrushchev simply i was sick in order to transfer crimea to ukraine, where all its bosses are sitting and who will be there with their eyes, ears, around the transmission.

there is traditionally a lot of speculation and gossip about crimea becoming part of the ukrainian ussr, but it is impossible to talk about such a fateful decision in isolation from the documents. to search, we go to the russian state archive at. this archive can be called the holy of holies of the cpsu production. it is here that documents of departments of the central committee, congresses of the cpsu, first secretaries of the party, and thematic folders of the politburo are stored. but an amazing moment, such an important process as the transfer of a region from one republic to another, accompanied, in fact, by only two documents: a short resolution of the politburo of the presidium of the cpsu central committee on impersonality.

however, in crimea , the first secretary of the crimean optical committee, pavel tetov, tried to resist frushchev’s initiative. unsuccessfully, he was removed from his post and soon, with demotion, sent under supervision to the capital. well, he motivated by the fact that crimea should belong to russia and , as it were, historically, in general, since the time of catherine, geopolitically, strategically, the black sea, our military black sea fleet in sevastopol, but... and in general, this was such a significant territory, let’s say, for russia. titov headed crimea in 1949. during the war years, he successfully established the work of factories beyond the urals and was known as a strong business executive, so stalin entrusted him with the restoration of the great patriotic peninsula, which was destroyed afterward. stalin

said that there is an opinion that titov should appoint you first secretary of the regional committee of the crimea. grandfather said that i was afraid that i would not be able to cope, because i had never led. i’m there, he was always the second secretary there, to which stalin said: “well, if you can’t handle it, what will we do?” he asked koganovich, koganovich said: “we’ll shoot.” stalin said: “titov, go work.” and titov worked, they say that during the nineteenth congress, he suggested that stalin change the name of the region from crimean to tauride, and saw the prospect of restoring the region in size to the revolutionary tauride province, which included part of the territory of the kherson and zaporozhye regions of the ussr. however, the people soon died without having time to complete all the transformations. the fate of the peninsula began to be viewed in a completely different light. in relation to the ukrainian soviet republic, it must be said that the end of the fifties and sixties

was a completely conscious period of the formation of the ukrainian national consciousness, led by the head of the ukrainian communist party, shelest. a very serious national one is emerging in ukraine. a flair that is generally directed and supported from the highest offices. then, when shelis is removed from power, moscow will generally become seriously interested in this issue. and what's in there happened? this is the question crimeans asked themselves in 2014, first, when the bloodshed began on the maidan, then, when unarmed crimean activists returning to the peninsula from kiev were defeated by far-right ukrainian nationalists.

on the central facade of the central museum of tavrida, this building was once, let ’s say, the main office, the modern language of the crimean regional committee of the all-union communist party of belarus party, we know about anti-heroes, yes, we know about khrushchev, why don’t we know about heroes, and of course, the events of the fourteenth year, that is, i think he would rejoiced, rejoiced, because in the fourteenth year. what was restored was what he seemed to be fighting for in '53. over the years , many justifications have been given for the transfer of crimea to the ussr, however, none of them cancels the main thing. correcting the political mistakes of the past is too expensive, so it is better to simply avoid them.

anna yafimova, valery saverev, anastasia popova, typical novorossiya. about how the seventy-year event...

leaders, atamans, yes, such a mr. balbachan, that means, who decided to make a military campaign at the head of their gaidomas, that is, units, to seize crimea, but even the germans, in general , the german occupiers in the first world war, they understood that the claims to crimea were unfounded, then we know that there was a regime of getma skarpatsky, again it was skoropatsky who began to lay claim to crimea introduced a blockade, a blockade of the peninsula, that is, a trade blockade, yes, and all together it was occupied by the germans, but it is very similar to what is happening. absolutely, absolutely, and it must be said that they themselves, well, local, so to speak, are some kind of political activist, yes, that’s it

local, here is local self-government, the torch zemstvo, it fought, people traveled there from simphepol to kiev, they said that we have a single province, this is a single organism, social, economic, it should not be torn apart under any circumstances, but no one heard them then , and indeed a decision was made to cut off crimea, and to leave there socialist legality, and soviet

law. this was all carried out in violation of the law, the lawyers are right in this sense, but, but we understand perfectly well why this happened, the essence was precisely political claims, political claims of the ukrainian party leadership, which was embodied by nikita sergeevich khrushchev, yes, since one of his key posts, which generally brought him to the top of the soviet state, was precisely the leadership of soviet ukraine, look what else he did.

to annex it to ukraine, it was a direct political line, why it was done, yes, since he, of course, was going to fight for the highest post in the country, and the larger the party organization, the greater he represents the republic, the higher his chances were, that is, khrushchev did not manage to say everything that he wanted, but he did not limit himself to the crimea. not long ago we talked about the tenth anniversary of the crimean referendum, its significance for novorossiya, but if you look at it this way. simply rising above the processes in novorossiya and on the peninsula and

looking at the annexation of crimea, well, so to speak, from the height of geopolitical positions. what does it mean? or is this just the restoration of historical justice, and nothing more. if we rise into the realm of geopolitics, look what happened, there was a revision of the borders, yes, which were established after the seventeenth year, that is, in essence, this is so. to be honest, following the defeat of russia in the first world war, the loss of crimea, the loss of novorossiya became a consequence of these large processes, and today, centuries later, in fact.

political realities and nevertheless imposed their own rules, which crossed out these realities, perhaps with artificial borders, some decisions, imposed decisions, for some short time this change the balance, but stubbornly ignoring this reality, it ultimately results in a bloody military conflict, if one acts in a civilized manner, if one acts, gives the opportunity there through referendums, and howls to express oneself, then of course... it would be possible to avoid this negativity, but if you cross out this desire to restore the unity of the divided russian people, if you ignore this will to unity, then, in the end, the consequences will be very destructive. thank you very much for a very detailed, interesting story. in the soviet

time there was a poster “the book is a source of knowledge.” they turn to the internet and often gain knowledge from there; reading paper books seems to have faded into the background. but for novorossiya, books and libraries are not only about reading, they are, first of all, an introduction to a culture that not so long ago they tried to push out of the public space. crimeans were the first among the new russian regions to feel the support of a large country. contributed to this in many ways. national project "culture", which started in 2019. on the peninsula, among other things, 10 libraries, two more are planned to open this year. thanks to the national project in the donetsk people's republic, only last year so-called model libraries were opened in khartsisk, novoazovsk, and the village of mangush.

a modern library is not just a book depository, it is a multimedia space. equipment, updated book stock and bright interiors. here you can find the book you need, gain access to the resources of the national electronic library and just have an interesting time. another action that enriched the book fund of new territories: read freely in russian, it is conducted by the russian book union. during the ukrainian years, local libraries experienced an acute shortage. school and public libraries in new regions with money from the reserve fund of the president of the russian federation. librarians of lugansk, donetsk, melitopol, genichesko, recognize. their institutions are experiencing a real book renaissance today. about

how important it is to be able to hold a good book in your hands. who do the residents of novorossiya read today and who writes for them in olga’s story mokhovaya. look, there are wonderful authors, authors, front-line soldiers, wonderful front-line poetry, and children's literature, adventures for children. the donetsk republican library named after krupskaya admits that there are not enough hands to process such a volume of new literature. in 2023 , the dpr received a record number of books, both as part of humanitarian and charitable programs, and as gifts from donetsk residents and residents of greater russia. if we take the beginning of the conflict, 2014, the year of the existence of the independent donetsk people’s republic, then replenishment of the fund was difficult and difficult.

basically, this was humanitarian aid from the russian federation in fairly small volumes; it was not always new literature. more than 100 visitors now come to the city subscription department of the lugansk gorky library every day, each one finding what they are looking for. there ’s even a new service here, the biblionians, so that mothers can safely pick up books for themselves while their kids are under supervision. they say that such a large-scale renewal of the book stock has not happened here in the last 40 years. for 2023, the republican the library has been replenished with 10,000 of the latest, most diverse literature, including , well, probably. regulatory and legal publications are in particular demand today; after all, donbass now lives under new russian laws and such literature exists. in addition, the russian state

library opened its branch on the basis of lugansk, equipping the virtual space with comfortable workspaces for visitors. i study electronic books, i can’t get through the electronic library, but sometimes it’s useful to read on paper. thanks to, that leninka gave us a lot of these. materials, and for me this is very important, you don’t even need to go to moscow to get some things from the archives, in philosophy, i want to get acquainted with the work, i love such material books, holding them in my hands, and it’s a pity for my eyes. librarians note a balance in the literary preferences of local readers; classical literature and entertaining fiction are in demand, but invariably in demand... tolstoy, chekhov, gogol, dostoevsky, and soviet science fiction writers remain. in a day of such upheaval, yes, when it changes world order, when a person feels

some self-doubt, and here the interest in classical literature always increases, because russian classics, like no other literature, always poses very important complex questions and tries to find answers to them. modern russian literature is also available in full today to readers of new territories.

if you want to change the world for the better, write for children, writer andrei usachov is convinced, he has come to donbass more than once to meet with young readers, he says his audience there is very lively and... mean, but on the whole no different from any other in russia, in no place did they tell me how good it was that you brought a fun program, because, frankly speaking, the themes of the war, they were a little

tortured then , but children need to rejoice, how great it is that you read funny poems, children laugh, and if children ask adults questions and ask to explain what is happening why, of course you need to answer, and answer honestly and convincingly, the writer believes. heroism is brought up not only about literature and war, for example, as a child i had three favorite books, these are, of course, koverin, two captains, these are the children of captain grant, and this is the fifteen-year-old captain zhulverno, all three of them talk about nobility, about honor, about dignity, yes, about courage. to write about what is happening now, modern authors need time to comprehend, but in order to convince children to pick up a book and read, you need to come to them with these books. thanks to.

how the kids live here, the arrival of a writer to any school, to any class is the best advertising-readings. in 2023, representatives of the first movement donated about 400,000 books to their peers in the donbass. the dpr plans to open it this year. three more modern libraries in donetsk, yanakieva and makeevka, so there will definitely be even more readers in these regions. olga mokhova, anastasia popova, valery savelelev, typical novorossiya. that's all we wanted to talk about today. kirill vyshinsky was with you. see you soon. it was you who stole your grandfather's dirk at the age of 7. that's what the men from the yard told you, you're a fighter! it's you who never i was afraid of a fight. it's with you, she's calm everywhere. it's on you, friends can always rely on you.

it's you!

we will take on this case, it will be an honest detective story. inflation is slowing down, and gdp

may increase by more than 3% by the end of the year. vladimir putin. meeting with the government on economic issues, what other statements were made? 70% of the monthly norm was hit by downpours in several regions of central russia, what were the consequences and how did public utilities and urban systems cope? a sack of potatoes against a combat drone, one of the russian ones military personnel were shot down by a ukrainian armed forces drone in a very unusual way, just... the event and a unique vaccine against polynosis are being developed at the fmba, when it becomes easier for allergy sufferers suffering from birch toes, a question of science will tell. inflation in russia is gradually slowing down, and gdp may increase by more than 3% by the end of the year, this is a statement by vladimir putin. the president

held a meeting via videoconference. with the government on economic issues noted that macroeconomic indicators at the beginning of the year turned out to be higher than government forecasts and bank of russia and called on domestic producers to more actively develop the domestic market. we certainly need active actions from the regional governments that will support and stimulate business and investment activity, help open new industries, including high-tech ones, and create modern jobs. satisfy the growing demand of the domestic market, primarily by increasing our own production of goods and services that are more competitive compared to foreign suppliers, that is, it is necessary to develop, to occupy one’s own market, to displace imports, or to displace imports, not through administrative actions of resources, but through fair market competition, this is precisely the increase in one’s own production, the development of the internal national market - we

call it.