they don’t like to discuss, for example, the scenario of using those tactical nuclear weapons, the american ones, which are located at bases in europe, because when you start talking about it, as if at the second or third step, a fork appears, that is, it is here to inflict damaging strike on russian territory, and you understand how it will end, or is it here to strike again at russian tanks, which are rushing towards berlin directly on german territory, as if which of this is better, which of this is worse? it is clear that american guarantees have, first of all , psychological significance; if the umbrella suddenly closes, everyone will become very uncomfortable, even if no one, in fact, expected any real use. in nato, in addition to the usa, there are two nuclear powers: france and great britain, all eyes are on them. it is believed that france is the world's

nuclear power after russia and the united states. the first french atomic bomb was tested in algeria, in the sahara desert on february 13 , 1960. the first french medium-range nuclear missiles, ssbs, were put on combat duty in the seventies first year, on the albion plateau in southern france. subsequently, france abandoned the mine- based system. nuclear weapons began to be placed on submarines. table, then a new generation of submarines appeared, inflexible. in 1964 , france's nuclear deterrent forces were replenished with mirage-4 bombers capable of carrying nuclear bombs. their maximum range is 4,000 km. in march 2008, president sarkozy announced a reduction in french air-to-ground nuclear weapons by a third. after the reduction of the nuclear arsenal of paris.

has about 300 warheads. nuclear -equipped supersonic cruise missiles are currently carried by rafale aircraft, both ground-based and based on the deck of the aircraft carrier charles degaulle, and four trumphant nuclear submarines equipped with m-51 missiles. most of the country's top officials, from degol to macron, considered nuclear weapons to be the basis of the independence of the fifth republic. great britain began its nuclear

the only carriers of british nuclear weapons are four vanguard nuclear submarines. each submarine is equipped sixteen american trident-2 ballistic missiles. they were leased from the usa. a new generation boat program - dred note - has now been launched. france. eu member, uk no. both are members of nato, but the principles for managing nuclear arsenals are purely their own. there is no coordination. if we are talking about strategic, doctrinal, operational-tactical dimensions, then there is no cooperation as such. moreover, as you know, france is not part of the nato nuclear planning group - it is in every possible way proud exclusively national. the nature of its

nuclear arsenal, moreover, france has some unique things, for example, only france has, as far as one can judge, means of delivering nuclear weapons on aircraft carriers, these are airplanes, but in principle there are no intentions to transfer its the nuclear arsenal in france is not visible, all the talk is about some kind of european one. by which french is sometimes understood, they must take into account that even if france undertakes some obligations to ensure nuclear umbrella over its european partners, then decisions will still be made in paris. in the uk, it is tightly integrated, in fact, into the nato regimes, in the uk there is a very large cooperation, again a very long cooperation with the united states,

in principle, a rather unique situation when it seems like a sovereign warhead, but at the same time in many ways similar to the warhead of its best friend, the overseas , uh, it is planned for... delivery on leased ballistic missile submarines, with boats with these missiles, everything is not very good smoothly, the last few test launches failed, it was the british and the americans who were doing a little better, moreover, apparently there is a problem with maintaining the readiness of the boats, that is, there are four of them, it is planned that at every moment one is at sea, but apparently... due to the lengthening of the time frame - restoration of combat readiness, repairs of some ongoing modernizations, in recent years british boats have been spending a lot of time on patrol, but relatively recently another of them returned after a very

a patrol patrol in a very sad state with streaks of rust and other delights, it is believed that this is a very bad trend, because well, in the end it is... it is simply very difficult not only for equipment, but also for people who are forced to spend a long time at sea, especially in the vicinity of such a formidable weapon. sovereign control of nuclear potentials does not exclude close cooperation, and it is growing. the main, as if flagship, project is a joint effort to maintain the nuclear arsenal in the absence of nuclear tests.

what’s great between the two countries is that they work on this facility, they take turns, that is, any information that is not received from their databases, it remains, as it were, in their national sovereign possession, that is, it is not that they are engaged in joint development, although of course, probably, physicists are discussing some data among themselves , and this story is especially important now, because, as you know, in the uk they have launched... mm, a project to create a new warhead, and this is already being included another collaboration, the warhead will probably be very similar to the warhead, the new warhead is the american w93, and accordingly the british warhead has a romantic name in honor of

the ancient greek goddess ostrea, but the less romantic one is simply called a21, given that both countries are not shy about talking about... their plans for nuclear modernization, they won’t have any less work, and some new french fighters will probably get caught, especially since they are preparing hypersonic delivery vehicles for their strategic forces, cooperation is well, in general , no one is shy about this cooperation, everything is also institutionally fixed, and this is the data that is received both in the french facility... and in the british facility, this data is used to maintain the nuclear arsenal in readiness for use. meanwhile, in the pacific region , relations are no less lively and are also being built, striving for an alliance.

russian foreign minister sergei lavrov has just visited beijing and met with his chinese counterpart and chairman sidzenping. without breakthroughs, but stable development of connections. reinforced, japanese prime minister fumio kishida was visiting washington. the negotiations were very solid; they announced the most significant renewal of the bilateral military alliance since its creation in the middle of the last century. the us military intends to create a joint command structure with its japanese counterparts to optimize collective efforts to contain china. it is planned to expand the exchange of intelligence information and ...

more money is pumped into the military sphere, the americans are bringing such a double game, on the one hand they imposed it. by military means, now there is a latent

involvement of japan, only it is customary not to call it by its own name, but somehow the parties resort to such euphemisms, well , let’s say, the japanese created a full-fledged helicopter carrier several years ago, and it could not be accepted according to the rules at all. system, it has a name, the ancient name of japan is izuma, it was called smints, and so it was called very simply, which means it is not a violation, there are many such examples can be cited when the full involvement of japan in the american strategy is simply called, well, either maneuvers or some kind of consultations and so on, in fact japan is becoming.

an all-encompassing defensive alliance - after all, we are talking more about bilateral agreements, secondly, china is still not a nuclear superpower yet, and it is not yet worthwhile to assume that the conflict there is not rapidly approaching the nuclear phase, but on the other hand, we have them, well, we, in principle, also have - such a wonderful state as northern korea, which is not shy about showing off its nuclear weapons. in their delivery, and also tell who they will hit where, if anything happens. and here, of course, a dilemma arises

about how, and what exactly the americans are ready to do in response to this threat. last year, there was a lot of talk in south korea about the fact that they should have their own nuclear weapons, because the north has them, the americans are far overseas. it ended with the fact that about a year ago, at the end of april twenty -third, it was signed - nuclear escalation on the korean peninsula, whether

japan wants to get something similar now is a debatable question, in japan it’s still in the nuclear dimension, the attitude of the situation is a little different, the trauma of kheroshima and nagasaki is not healing, let’s say, but perhaps there are some then changes await us when in the nineties, as when we did happen. quite significant nuclear disarmament, the americans removed from service certain tactical nuclear weapons, including sea-based propeller missiles, and according to rumors in japan many expressed their dissatisfaction with this trend, this is not documented, there were official denials, but there seems to be a consensus opinion that in general the american allies doubted whether this was a good idea, so now, when the americans are returning the podun delivery vehicles, they certainly have no criticism will not be heard when talking about japan, here, firstly,

there is interest in increasing cooperation in all non-nuclear spheres, in missile defense, in space defense, there in defense against hypersonic weapons, delivery, and strike means, including long-range, cruise missiles, hypersonic missiles, the japanese will sooner or later have all this with one degree or another of the united states and obviously with very active coordination between the two countries, but in the nuclear sphere, probably for now there will be some some more cautious formulations, but no criticism.

in general, the mood is against war, but when it comes to public opinion polls, we see that the japanese are divided into three approximately equal parts: 1/3 are in favor of repealing the ninth article, which is a limitation, the second part is for leaving it, and the third part fluctuates, depending on the change.

this is not expected in our case, so it should not be taken literally, but the state of affairs is more than depressing. 95%, according to the latest survey, which was published in february of this year, this is a general national survey that publishes information...

we are accustomed to following the information mainstream, but interest in alternative sources is gradually growing, and this also applies to the view of russia. we have enough historical claims, but we must be realistic, an alliance with the united states is not enough, it must be balanced by close relations with one of the neighbors. russia is our neighbor. it's time to open the window that has closed. not mainstream at all, but still nice. the entire crowd, seized by one impulse, rose to its feet and looked at the sky. the black rim went deeper and deeper into the disk of the sun. i knew that now they would all look at me, when they

looked at me, i was ready. i betrayed my remains. he raised his hands to the sun, a great magician, the effect was amazing. yankees from connecticut, the hero of mark twain, escaped execution, ending up 13 centuries ago, at the court of king arthur, because he remembered in time about the upcoming eclipse of the sun. the novel was published 135 years ago. middays still cause excitement, as this week in america, where there was an almost total solar eclipse. our regular author dmitry vershinin was not proclaimed a great sorcerer there, times are boring here, but he enjoyed the fascinating phenomenon and even nibbled us a little. the eclipse has begun. moon

the sun begins to bite off piece by piece, and the maximum of what we will see is 91%. this will happen at 3:16 eastern time . the announcement was made to the hundreds of people who came to watch the partial eclipse of the sun at greenbank observatory in the opalachee mountains. sandra and herschel evans live four hours away. we love everything about science at this observatory. we bring our grandchildren here to study the structure of the universe. very beautiful. now about a quarter is closed. for the grandchildren of the evans spouses, the observatory organized a small circle, made with your own hands. children need to cut out sun glasses, glue them onto a disposable plate and line them up. planets of the solar system in the correct sequence. i pasted on the planets that i found, here is mercury, here is venus, earth, mars, jupiter, saturn and uranus. 2,500

people came here on a working monday to watch the rare natural phenomenon live. the observatory, together with nasa, gave away 1,500 free special glasses to view the eclipse. without them, watching the sun is a real risk of burning your retina. eyes. behind ultraviolet, invisible to the eye, solar radiation. these glasses made of cardboard and plastic at first glance look like a useless thing, but in fact they are tens of times stronger than any sunglasses. americans, who love to turn any event into a grand show, swept away the entire stock of stores priced at $15. the excitement was so high that in the last days before the eclipse, the internet was flooded with fakes. what's unique about today's eclipse is that it obscured a portion of north america with a population of approximately 40 million people from the mexican beaches on the pacific ocean to montreal, canada, the astronomer predicted the path of the eclipse time frame with an accuracy of meters and milliseconds, millions

of people were able to see live the so-called corona, the outer radius of the sun. when the moon blocks the sun, scientists have a unique opportunity to see the corona, allowing them to study a part of the sun that cannot be seen on a normal day. dark monday became a goldmine for those who found themselves in the so-called totality zone; the price of a night in a hotel on the path of the eclipse reached $600 per night, airbnb posted an interactive booking map with an obvious trend. i observed the last eclipse in 2017 . then i noticed that as soon as the moon covered the sun, the air temperature dropped by about 8°. sun fever has swept across the country, with 300 pairs in rakansas. decided to exchange rings to legitimize their relationship on this dark april day in cleveland, nasa organized a live broadcast from the local rock and roll hall of fame

to the songs of pink floyd, david bowey and taylor swift. a completely different soundtrack - roar millions of liters of falling water accompanied eclipse spectators around the neagara falls on both sides of the us-canadian border. tens of hundreds of satellites of private planes and rockets recorded 4 minutes of darkness from different altitudes. for international viewing in the usa. it was an international review. let's keep shining, don't fade. this is not necessary. it needs to be like this,

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galaxies of all. 100 years ago, very much, because the temple of the smolensk icon of the mother of god was built soon, it was built with diligence, we are located in the area of ​​​​the city of solidar and here are some of the largest salt deposits, you were a special correspondent, and what did you say, the signalman of the motherland dubai, dubai ring, dubai ring, the terrain is very difficult, and working in such a landscape -

the russian army carried out one massive and 47 group strikes with high-precision weapons by drones in a week energy facilities and military-industrial complex of ukraine. all goals have been achieved. the deployment points of the special forces of the armed forces of ukraine of foreign mercenaries were also hit. 95 attacks repulsed. zelensky’s formation lost almost 7,000 soldiers and mercenary officers in a week. 17 tanks and 46 other

armored vehicles, as well as 139 self-propelled guns and howitzers of missile systems were destroyed.