and on you to a stand with me. what truly motivates nato, is it strategic interests in jail, political positioning? or is it ideology in a pathological hatred of russia? i will let the viewers decide. but one thing is certain the alliance is, but it's very existence on the line. you can take that to the bank. never, never. and never gave shalley bill that vis a love. we like carrying that the are pressure off one by another.

and slope are they in good things this kind of the way the fun drawing never unfold. gloria. hey, human i to let food on brain brought up with the soviet union and of course played a key role in terms of the sustain the liberation forces of south africa. the truth though, is that without the support at the time, we would have really struggled quite a bit there. assisted living for don't fight us in this country, educationally. meaning patting li katara and can you imagine the whole continent of friends and this wonderful

hello and welcome to this week's african, now so from constitutional hill in johannesburg, south africa. but coming to you in the same week that this country is 1st post apart, 8 elections that resulted in mil correspondent and this other tells us more these meeting the organization of african you need to was in cottage the d column evasion off. i'm going out mozambique, south africa and how they're doing the organization place to support the waterfall, and that's it. but the freedom fighters and remove military access to colonial nation. of course, countries to contribute so many in many guide actions for their their morgan, for the offer you can. why is it a, did it there? one of the i do, i do our victory is another, more than for another countries. when they see the african is turned in with others

out of countries invasion, your guys more than far as the african countries are so many leaders are emerging from africa as more than and l u l. u is in each of yeah. and even now our political leaders or so you're more than for other african counters they can learn from ethiopia, to be dependent and to use in the genius knowledge, natural power. but you still know we are not using our powers, our a graphical, our natural powers, but it will be more dense monies calling us today out of guilt. the physical control of european power ended in the ninety's. he just is, after independence or child africa, the end of colonization was announced that, but the wisdom, imperialism, not yet ended and continues in another form. now,

the system is established to have the call only out of master, but not the colonized. so african countries to secure for independence, they should work on re framing the system. that benefits on besought melissa out of t a b sub. but since the founding of the african union has african countries thrown off the yoke of waste and colonialism. is there a lot to celebrate or a long journey still to embark upon? human rights lawyer, people men to less ways in on the question. advocates, superman, tula, thank you so much for joining us here on africa. now. this week we're celebrating africa freedom months. but of course, as many questions related to that, if the founding fathers had to assess the progress that has been made in those decades, do you think they would be satisfied with the way the continent has moved forward? it has been difficult for the continent because it appears that the freedom came

with a high price and that price was too sick. suffice was to reach consensus with the former colonial masters. and also us to look at was freedom free and also us independence of freedom. so at, in the founding fathers are de, wanted about the economic and cultural freedoms. because political freedom was attained in the 60s. but in the 25th century, i think they will have fit how 5 we moved on. you could only can cause our freedoms . and how would you answer that question? how far have we moved in terms of cultural and economic freedom with not moved in trial? we are still limping, where there are challenges come from an academic space coming from illegal and human plays space. i've seen that a meaningful dumps have been trampled as i've picked up that culturally, we are still westernized, a european as opposed to, you know,

so you funded because the issue is to allow all cultures to be, to be harmonized or to live in the same space but for the continent would win, audit is also interesting when we talk of been to years of the africa, piet, a view not a governance for us to also manage our freedom. it's it says the body issues. you can't really blame the colonial powers. i mean, we're talking about countries that have been independent for decades here. so why was that shift not made? you know, it, she was often with medea couldn't, could have the debate of the dollar. no economy can men, african countries were not independent. hence, you find that the independence into freedom, you still have to use the former colonial masters currency. are you oh, that is still a french colonial impact under. that is still a french language that still exists in our even traveling documents. look at your own sort of campus, but that above the to suit. so it shows you that we are not yet free the easy

monies our movements. so the issue of blame yours is not to blame for the sake of shifting dev team is to say, asserted that the calling on mothers have done us in a continent. actually this week at our invest, we had a session. we were talking about a cadet mac at us and issue that came was, when can i see asked the end of apparitions for africa. i don't know where they knew that figure how much he said that was not many african countries. they don't have what he was, it will do. it is point out to say we a friend, 7.7 trillion for the police for what has happened. so you can see pull out the issue of blaming the coronel must us in the west. come from the issue of c, a, cept in. acknowledge what to have done. do you think that's realistic? you really think african countries are going to get permission from the former colonial masters. it has been difficult to remember where the water conference i can say, racism in south africa in 2001,

he doesn't debate the bus led by the african diaspora caribbean block. and i, i think what you see now, we see a return of cultural artifacts in africa. and my concern is that the return of cattle at defense, if they do this a value on them, how do you quantify people? are you saying that pre and post colonial africa is actually the same africa? slightly we've changed with the edition of this out. so done. the pre colonial africa with the kingdoms have changed drastically. that of all of the westminster system and in the 60 seventy's than 90 ninety's washington consensus elections all over africa moving away from my to party democracy. i mean from one part to state to a mile to patty democracy. hence i went back to my president, paula, not my quit my my a citation of was it freedom or was it independence? part of the liberation of africa. and the reason why we've come to the point where

we are, of course, has been the assistance of the soviet union in the liberation struggles. how important was the role of the soviet union? they have assisted men for don't fight us in this country. it occasionally, militarily, culturally, because what that lin also india, many russian young scholars. they have passion for after the visit african countries. they collect, mem was the collect a history of books about africa. so one can look at how russia is also passionate about leading about africa. and it's also in and about applicants to learn about russia. and if we look at the relationship today between russian african countries, what can russia do to help liberate africa even further? i think one of the key limited things aspect that, that i show must go into it must be cultural diplomacy and cultural revolution. you know, the and,

and economy could have lucian and dust read the issues of trade at the delicious empowerment in cation and remember that african students and for the, when i was there, what have picked up, there were some students who were studying in russia, and they were not studying m law, you could amuse their way into agriculture the way into energy sector. so you can see that what the russia must bring in the fight. hell is to train that. there's a hell region empower them and move out. simple enough for the, for me is to not to stay long, you know, is to empower and also share it knowledge experiences. and that's how you can put the narrative of the image of russia in cobalt put. it is 29 years. so south africans from all walks of life and ages, queued for hours in the hot sun, determined not to miss this country's 1st non racial election. and like many other

african countries, south africa when its independence with the assistance of the soviet union. our correspondent in south africa, looks back at that historic occasion. and the role the u. s. s. are played in it. i'm coming to you straight from so where to where in. so hannah's back behind me is the freedom square, also known as the open air museum, and it's dedicated to waters the zulu, one of south africa struggle heroes. this place tells the story of the drafting off to freedom charter in 1955. it also reminds us to assistance that to the soviet union, provide it to the people's liberation army of namibia and the african national congress is military wing condo with these. it was essential in helping them fight against the party government. no one has forgotten that help least of all, those who were involved well joined the african national congress and the south

african communist party. as a student 20 year old to the time of shuffle, 1960 the massacre. there was no possibility of changing the supposed system with revolutionary violence without an armed struggle. so quite a number of us were sent out of the country and i was sent with a 150 other young people to the soviet union. and we went, dave via the tens and now we had to leave the country secretly. we arrived in the soviet union in moscow. landed there at the beginning of 1964. and then we trained at a beautiful city on the jordan. the more the black sea odessa just, how much of

a role do you think the soviet union played with all the other liberation heroes? the soviet june now and of course played a key role in terms of assisting the liberation forces of south africa, usually africa. but we went, the only recipients, the colonial system collapsed. the british colonies, the french, the portuguese, bel germ dutch, all the colonies from asia to latin america and in africa. the people rose up demanding the freedom that had been spoken about during the 2nd world war. in other words, you're saying that if it wasn't for the soviet union would, would not have seen this liberation coming about. it would have taken far longer with far greater sacrifice than occurred because these former colonial countries

and they were colonial countries still after the war the scar strove to cling onto the colonial positions. so the people live africa and so on, india, china, and one they, they were pressing for freedom. and the way the se union was able to give support the vietnamese struggle, for instance. that made the huge difference. what do you make of rushes? my relations with the african continent. it's been very interesting. you know that the e u and the nato countries in the us, they made a huge era in trying to force sanctions to be adopted against russia, by africa, demonstrations against the south african government. strict apartheid policies flaring the shocking violence that sharpsville and industrial township thousands

gather outside of police, nation in protest against new laws requiring every african to carry a pass at all times. 30 years on her own, the casseroles and my voice on the man among those liberation heroes was fight to bring freedom and equality to the tip of africa with the help of the soviet comrades will never be forgotten. thank you so much for your time that i'm of was so maybe if you can just start by telling us how you joined the on struggle and how you ended up in the soviet union. i. i left all over again. 1963 from fort hair university. i hardly finished anything there. this was a time of extremely political activity. i think her were in frances towel. when the news came that the leadership of the african national congress had been under ground, had been arrested in livonia. it was june 11th 1963. 0,

it was transfers. we flew out of france's town. oh, to doris alarm. and before long wu on our flight to moscow to the round winter there. i remember seeing these people with a greater army jackets and so on. i so we went for highly specialized training in guerrilla warfare, who were trained by her soviet officers were participated in the 2nd world war. and just how much of a role will it did to the soviet union place in the liberation of many african countries. the soviet union provided a lot of thin financial. i didn't know quite about that, but they certainly provided material support, as well as their training as i've been describing. africa always helped us,

but they have very limited resources on. but they made their geographical space available to us and another diplomatic means of support. so the relationship with russia now, it is not our style and cannot be, i mean, they were always the nucleus of the soviet union, and that's where the capital ease are. but the i'm saying that the struggle changed . we no longer needed the kind of support that's the soviet union had given us, but we retained very good relations with them. it's talk about feed on. what do you make of feed um, do you think it's something that we can so celebrates today? oh, absolutely, absolutely. the question does not married is asking

m. the 27th of april is the most important date on the calendar on this african calendar is no doubt about it is a huge difference between what happened before 994 and what's happening. we have freedom during africa feet a week or 2 days generation pays whole major to the sacrifices and the struggles that made our freedom and democracy possible. move we accordingly r t to highness big. so why did the soviet union assist african liberation movements? i met with the russian ambassador to south africa who presented the view from moscow. mac investor to thank you so much for joining us here on african now. this month is freedom months. why was the soviet union even interested in being involved in africa? first of all, i should mention that we are interested in african friends.

ah, russia not to speak about. so it union has never colonized any of the people's particular in africa. and we have always treated africans has our friends with potential friends. maybe. what can you imagine the cold continent of friends and this is wonderful. why did the says genie and cheese tourist insulation movements? russian societies valid through them society and in our hearts and our minds of this notion of support of the newest is a much broader one of them is translated into english, my justice, or a lawfulness, or right the service. it's include so many moral aspects in particular, and we feel that if there is a just cause, if we can help assist some people who are

oppressed them, we should do it. how did it assist them? well it, as far as i know, it was done in many different ways now are to my mind of the aspect of supplying arms. and the training in military skills of training fighters is always emphasized. one of the, from the mental principles of socialist society was know, which is strength. and i think that most importantly, the most significant part of these systems was training of african, our leaders training of leaders of the liberation woman's. in the different social sciences. in south africa, did your assistance to the african national congress, the a and c amy and a to in any way from the african community or not on the russian side. not on the

russian side. but i know i can feel it to the leaving here. that of there is some are the initial from the border community, emma pre soviet times, russian them by russian people helped war in particular in their war against the british empire and the 9219. 02. there was a requests from president bulky gruder to emperor nicholas the 2nd tul, interfering this war on the boresight. formal the request was formally declined of its are made it clear that she would not oppose some volunteers participating in that for him. his family ties were the king george on the 5th where more important and he so the decline to this request to

enter the war formerly. but about $270.00 russian la years, foot in the board ranks. and there was a hospital that was finance completely by the russian imperial court, fully equipped, stuffed, which operated, i think in newcastle. and there was another one that was financed, $5050.00 with another lens. and tell them there was this elite school for girls stablished in born fontaine, for a border or from girls. and it was financed initially and like the 1917 and by the russian federal court. so many stations of, of the sympathy of russians was born or where abundance of a sympathy was, was very strong in the, in the russian public opinion in favor of wars. because the where oppressed,

so in soviet times we felt about the same with respect to the african population. it was unjust. it wasn't a spot of the view, and this is why many people are felt that we should interfere and that we were doing the right thing. in 1918, zimbabwe gained its independence from the united kingdom are corresponding there. keith baptist attended the celebrations, despite the feeling among many that western oppression continues until today. in barbara celebrated is 43rd independence from its former colony of masters, britain. we are in hardy, a place that played a vital role in the liberation striker. zimbabwe obtained its independence on the 18th of april. 1981 for independence is about where think these the good site and

the bedside are independents obviously came with the benefits that we all see. our people are free to do whatever they want compared to the freedoms that the liberation, heroes, football. but there's also some things that we cannot overlook. for instance, high unemployment rates is a bob way. ah, leslie, among young people. those are things that we would wanted would have loved the independence to come with also prosperity, because independence without prosperity, without employment in other supporting aspects. tweet is the big compromise. independence means the freedom by us. like we will to take ownership of our country of our resources, but sadly, 43 years after independence. we only monday to take the power, but we have not been able to change the systems. we now need to work collectively,

as in bob, went to ensure that we moved up on the euro centric system that you're still using to date to come up with our own offer centric system that actually works for us. because the system that we adopted from the smith, the regime is abreast, we would have brought the brentley. that is why sometimes the very same europeans i must be and was told to us for special or kids info. they're people of zimbabwe. and most importantly, the younger generation, those or did not have an expedient of the day, but it's in a circle. it's a very, very positive reflection. because on this particular day we are looking at the road that has been several thus far. the road it was independence was bon b. it was not to walk on longer gut didn't but, but we're happy. and for 3 years we continued to be a hep a's equal to the did every step of the by the independence of host worked important glenda the 2nd republic or prison. emma's of not what we have been able to do to the world and what's the particular statistic follows above the true

meaning of independence in when is with the prosperity in been is in ownership puzzle. ownership of water sources. total ownership of orlin. tuttle ownership, our sovereign what happens as to the end of this week? so we hope you enjoyed it. next week we'll see the inauguration of controls to the british throne. we will again travel the african continent for reaction from former british colonies. as always, it's a pleasure to receive your feedback. do stay in touch until then for myself, marteen. good bye. ah ah ah ah

. ah, ah. at the end of the 18th century, great britain began to conquer and colonize australia. from the very beginning of the british penetration to the continent, natives were subjected to severe violence and deliberate extra patient. according to modern historians. in the 1st 140 years, there were at least 270 massacres of local be both any resistance to the british

was answered with doubled cruelty. hundreds of natives were killed for the murder of one settler. indigenous australians were not considered complete people. no wild beast of the forest was ever hunted down with such unsparing perseverance as they are. men, women and children are shot whenever they can be met with squatter. henry myrick wrote in a letter to his family in england, in 1846. australia's bass is rightly described as blood soaked and races. if at the beginning of colonization there were one and a half 1000000 indigenous people living on the continent. then by the beginning of the 20th century, their number had decreased till 100000 people, despite the indisputable historical facts. the problem of full recognition of the crimes of white australians against aborigines has not been resolved so far. ah ah

resumed, we see how the use militarize and had to record base to it and it into an aggressive talk soon easy, the stated, go are sure said roger, i live off close out the west for you think ukraine as a smokescreen to distract from the problems if the middle east and clipping staff with south africa designed to quake the a national criminal court, according to the country's president who announced to move off the i see it in a way, warren and dozens of dead power military fighters in the street. then following reports of a 5th bath with the 3rd of the, the army and violence and the country wages for 10 days, thousands of civilians and foreign national crumbling to lead the down.