because of the action of largest assault out i hear water just through your arms down just a. slowly bring them down to your side. progress is slow but sure invention michael attempts to walk a prank over the abyss ok my mother expecting the grendel something to come over with a shoulder because no there isn't a what it is or a yes traders always try to convince you basically the stations that you're trying to give it says a look at i'm doing dishes or it's 5 years. what makes virtual reality such a powerful therapy is that patients can do want is impossible or too dangerous in real life. one of the basic things that we could do for fear of isis you could actually chuck the whole book back at. so the further you go the less here at the end i can feel the emotion of the feeling rushed into my stomach given

i haven't jumped anything. on account of 3 michael will leap into the abyss. one today. saying it's not. my thing just go with my body just for. the. record. what that. that that. if so were it a complete part of the was that. i was out this is no this was longer so there it cares a few more jumps and michael feels that he's gained some on story over his fear

now it's back to the gym. patients usually do 8 to 10 vyas sessions before they hope to see a real improvement but michael is keen to try again. he didn't show but who would. come out. yesterday when he did tests he got to the 1st step do you know where he got up to today. that night one homeless so $67.00 a guy as tracey so yesterday froze year and a 1st there that's amazing progress especially since as fast. as with just one session michael has nearly doubled his height while no one is saying

he's conquered his fear he appears to be while on the way russians. fear of heights there's a widespread phobia could some deep and common fears speak innate. that is exactly what david rocker's son would like to know he scares babies for a living to see when fear takes root in the mind. you get a startle response from babies very early on babies will blink and move back from a looming object. that's known this very evidence of ferrets and could just be an innate mechanism to avoid objects that are about to hit you. there are perhaps no other creatures as universally feared as these. i think that the fact that so many people have fears of snakes and spiders even though they're not afraid many of the faces of the live shows the evolutionary significance of them so that got me thinking what would cause this privileged status for these snakes and spiders and

so i started thinking how would i test that. high that they would accept one of the in pink of national lab this is maddie yes ok so today we're going to be running mattie in an experiment that tests how babies look at things like snakes and spiders and how they learn about the features on the properties of those things are ok ready maybe they're that it's like yesterday. were. all. draco's there is not such ing for signs of fear he's looking to see what captures the imprints attention. we show babies schematic versions of snakes and spiders and then we track how long the babies live in each of these images competitive scrabble versions of the same. bottle and we find that if 5 months the babies will track a snake like image longer than they will scramble versions of the snake and they

will do the same thing for spiders that little grab a schematic spider then scrabble versions of this by this but could it just be a familiar pattern or shape that catches the eye so we've tried using flowers and we say no effect for flowers which is a biology of 3 fourths of all stimulus no effect for rodents or sharks. so it seems unlikely that it's a preference for a bottle to keep or support shape it seems rather that babies have this very specific bias to look at space snakes and spiders in particular and this correlates nicely with what we know about adult fish westlake the spiders are in the top 5 non-human animals at that adults hands but rather than proving innate fear david rackets and believes this is proof of a kind of warning defense system it seems as if there is no innate babies have to learn fierce but i think that some things have a privileged status when it comes to feeling these like snakes and spiders these

are things the baby seems to learn to fear more rapidly than other things like cars . or cigarettes or god. humans have a full of to rapidly learn this because individuals who didn't die. they were bitten and they die and those genes were passed on. so unless someone around the infant reacts the child won't necessarily be afraid when they see a snake. but as boys and girls grow their differences do arise and david rock isn't has an idea about why. women are 4 times as likely to be fearful of snakes and spiders. over evolutionary time many were unwilling to protect their family will to go to fight or to get resources or hunt would it not be selected as mates to say the genes for being fearful than men have been selected

against but if a woman dies a baby is more likely to die than if the father dies so women likely have a valve to be somewhat safer to protect themselves and thus protect their own chart and so the genes for this specialized mechanism failing will be passed on and spread through the population. somewhere among the millions of people in the us their lives a woman who knows no fear how identity has been kept a secret file over 30 years you could walk by how on the street and never know. and yet super power is helping unlock the mystery of how feel works in the mind. dr justin feinstein is one of the few people in the wild who knows who she is and what she's like i've had a chance to work with her both in laboratory settings and also in real world settings for about 15 years. she's known only as ass. and

she lacks fear because she lacks a part of her grain. she is one of the only humans walking around earth without her nicola. she has this condition known as feet a disease and for a reason that science still has not figured out the condition will go into the brain and selectively calcified on both sides of the brain and this is exactly what happened to patient s. . there was a lot of people. around her who were part of the drug trade she had reported to the police that she didn't want any of these people in her community one day she was sitting outside of her apartment and a stranger comes out of the blue puts a gun to her head and yells the top of his lungs. and then runs off.

about 20 minutes after the secures the police knock on her door. because a neighbor saw this unfold they were quite concerned. and the police said you know explain what happened who was this guy and she was very surprised to even see the police it didn't register on her radar that this was a serious of that that it just occurred. as am's extreme condition malam signs to finally understand how feo walks in the brain. dr feinstein has spent years of his life trying to scare ass am not even the scariest of films like this one caused her to flinch and then he decided to threaten her from within. internal threats these are threats that are coming

through the body itself through changes say your heart rate or your respiratory pattern and when the brain processes those changes it interprets it as fear or in some cases even. this is going to measure your. heart rate in oxygen saturation just as he is doing with this woman in his lab dr feinstein decided to see what would happen if he interfered with as ams respiratory system. first time we tried this was with what's known as 35 percent 02 when the body detects the intake of too much carbon dioxide it can become a longed for during and after each breath rate how machines i do you feel using this. normally people feel some anxiety. or hypothesis going into the experiment was that i would not experience fear or

panic to the c o 2. as took a single vital capacity breaths who to. be finally found her kryptonite . it elicited immediate fear response. she referred to it as the most intense fear she's ever felt in her entire life. it was extremely eye opening i think if you could of look at my face that it would have been sort of the look of a deer in headlights and with that one breath signs learned that the amygdala is not the brains only fear center this fear that your life is in danger and could end at any moment. does not require the. it somewhere

else in the brain this is. what our research is currently trying to do is figure out where is this other pathway resigns advancing to science as am is inspiring dr justin feinstein to dream a little to dream about the evolution of human fear what's fascinating to me about s.f. is the fact that she's lived a half a century. without the make. and somehow she's managed to survive and i think that tells us something important about the evolution of species. we still live in a dangerous world threats are always going to be. but we're living in a society that has basically endowed us with all of our basic survival. when you don't have to live in a world of saber tooth tigers and lions attacking. maybe that's one fear is no

longer a necessary emotion. but we're not there. he's quite as simple as it seems. to understand the world better we need to take a closer to. the experience knowledge tomorrow to just. to delude you.

is this art. or is this. just technology for. artificial intelligence create are you. to future nightmare. for. me i haven't learned. 21. 60 minutes on d w. how does the virus spread. why do we panic and when we'll all. just through the time. and. if you would like any information on the prong of virus or any other science topic you should really check out our podcast where ever you get your podcast you can also find us dot com slash science.

this is news live from britain's prince philip dies of the age of 99 husband to queen elizabeth the 2nd he served as royal consulates that over 70 years we look at how a nation is grieving amid pandemic restrictions also on the program of ok no dormant for decades reawakens spewing smoke and ash and forcing the evacuation of tens of thousands to look terribly an island of st vincent. and the kick boxing kids of

thailand hundreds of thousands enjoy the sport and for many it's a route out of poverty but doctors warn it can cause long term damage. i'm told me a lot of welcome to the program britain's prince philip husband of queen elizabeth has died at the age of 99 he had been recently released from hospital after spending several weeks being treated for an infection and heart condition the prince stood at the queen's side for over 7 decades world leaders have expressed their condolences and people have gathered to pay tribute. it's been a year filled with pain and isolation for those in the united kingdom with many losing loved ones in the coronavirus pandemic but much of british society is pausing to give special attention to the passing of one man they hold.

i have a huge huge amount of respect for. actually even just talking about it we need a break. first we have come down here in just being in the. safety and everything else and just be placed. for the prince philip was wonderful father and a real asset to british life and i'm sure the queen is grieving terribly my wishes to her very sad. it's. still very sad sad sad he's been with us all through our life the pair of. people in london and make their way to windsor castle or buckingham palace to pay their respects to prince philip the royal family people not to gather in large numbers

due to the pandemic asking them to make a charitable donation instead. westminster abbey bells ringing once every 99 minutes in tribute. u.k. prime minister boris johnson says his thoughts are with the queen who has lost her husband. so we mourn today with her majesty the queen we offer our condolences to her and to her family and we give thanks as a nation and the kingdom for the extraordinary life and work. prince philip you could have been. the government says flags will fly at hof mast all over the country until the prince's funeral his death also be marked by a 41 gun salute moon on saturday. the correspondent

charles some tell sent this report from london on prince philip's legacy well he is widely remembered as a modernizing figure after the u.k. rebuilt in the aftermath of the 2nd world war here also be remembered who has his public service his sense of duty and responsibility regardless of how you might feel about the royal family there is no doubting his sense of g.t.o. his decades by the side of the queen in fact on their 50th wedding anniversary the queen herself described him as has strength and stay talking about the sacrifices or alluding to the sacrifices he's made in his years as a consulate of course here we have the remembered as well for his bright personality a lot of people been paying tribute to his sense of humor and then of course it has to be said he is also being remembered as someone who was known to have

occasionally made some more controversial more offensive remarks as well today though a lot of people paying tribute to him to him in the last that his family will suffer he was a husband for the 70 years father great grandfather and grandmother as well. german chancellor angela merkel is to reduce the powers of the country's 16 states to decide on coronavirus restrictions and then centralize them with the federal government a new plan or give the partner impose national restrictions when new infections reach a certain rate germany is battling a devastating 3rd quarter 19 wave and regional decision making has led to a confusing patchwork of regulations. if i want to go shopping in berlin i can do that if i get tested beforehand here i can do that right in front of the shopping center and the test for free. the testing bird goes in an hour

and the shopping can think it but these rapid tests many cities and lessening restrictions here meanwhile in other places new carpet measures are implemented and curfews put in place. everywhere in the country the rules are different leading to confusion for many. of. nobody knows anymore what the regulations are right now remove them you notice what i think it's chaos especially if you look at the different vaccination strategies and belinda very good in lower saxony it's a disaster it is just not working is not in the mood you politicians are going back and forth and want to distinguish themselves with new proposals but the scientists there are doing a much better job. and they are very clear on what many needs right now. is in the movie if we look into our mobility analysis and we see that contacts have not been reduced as much as during the 1st lockdown and that's where we need to

come back to because we're dealing with a new variant b 117 which is spreading faster the only way to do that is through a coherent systematic intensive and maybe shorter knock down look here at the chancellor's office i'm going to america is calling for a strict and nationwide locked. but federal states have the decision making powers in the fight against the pandemic and the states have very different views especially now that the election campaign is stopped i mean lush it from north rhine-westphalia and marco sudha from the various fighting over the sea to use candidacy for chancellor is the political management of the crisis going out of hand this is the moment or does political. and the titians always say we have to make long term decisions but actually thinking of the next election that's what i want to avoid uncomfortable inconvenient decisions decisions people won't understand but that's a mistake because in times of crises people want security and they are also

prepared to take responsibility but politicians have to delete their weight it's. straightforward covered measures that is what people are calling for here in germany stricter laws no ensure this the political discussion continues. tens of thousands of people are being evacuated from the area around the volcano on the caribbean island of st vincent after it began to rob on friday the volcano named last has been spewing smoke and ash across the island it had been dormant for decades until december 2020 when it began showing signs of activity. what suits the eruption ejected smoke kilometers high into the air oh my god last a free air created an ash cloud so thick it hit the sun poor visibility forced a allies to cancel flights to and from st vincent here that's this low down here

scroll down here and there's this smoke started cooking there saw me and i does get punished under syrian dust so my brother knows where you go over 16000 people living near the volcano were ordered to leave the area for their own safety by st vincent's prime minister ralph gone solver. residents queued for many buses taking only what they could carry with them. but they weren't enough places for everyone he will pull in some regions evacuation efforts didn't go according to plan. or support to be moved by what is. materialize i didn't really. happen but it didn't materialize as a result quite a number of courses or lead to a new ward looking for. nor leave local people boarded ferries at night to

neighboring islands dominica grenada and have agreed to accept evacuees from st vincent but only those people who are already vaccinated against the coronavirus and shelters on the island have to limit the number of people they can admit to prevent coronavirus outbreaks scientists from the university of the west indies warn that the volcano could keep erupting for days or weeks. let's take a look now at some other stories making headlines around the world. use drugs regulator is reviewing johnson and johnson's covert $1000.00 vaccine after reports of unusual blood clots it's also expanding its a vast investigation of astra zeneca shot which has been linked to brain klutz. police in greece have launched a manhunt after a veteran crime reporter was shot dead outside his home in athens your goes to

reverse was ambushed and shot several times as he arrived home from work media offices in greece are frequently targeted in fire bomb and vandalism attacks. longstanding president omar daley has been reelected for a 5th term provisional results show he won 98 percent of the vote faced just one challenger to businessman zachary here is my father said safety concerns prevented him from campaigning all the other opposition parties boycotted the vote. u.s. d.m.s. us rough an actor has died at the age of 15 he suffered a heart attack 5 days ago and was placed on life support d.m.'s whose real name is was earl simmons built a multi platinum selling career as one of rap's biggest stars of the late 1990 s. and early 2000 and. 5 thailand has

a rich boxing tradition and it appeals to all ages there an estimated 300000 boxes under 15 among them a kick boxer some doctors are calling for a ban on children boxing but wants to punch his way out of poverty for his family. sure charts are packs a serious punch but at work cost time like game and not. always get bruises on my machine so i have to put ice on them to your. mother who's often ringside during his fights has mixed feelings about her 9 year old son boxing. how to have friends i do feel pity for my son when he gets hurt i know he's hurt when he's in the ring. but he always tries to hide it and tells me about it later.

i feel bad it's all but i know this is what he likes. so i have to fully support him and law. makers have sought to ban boxing for children under the age of 12 but to no avail research has shown extensive damage could impact children's intelligence levels and brain development. boxing causes brain injuries as we can clearly see from older boxers boxers are at a risk of memory loss losing the ability to control their muscles and parkinson's disease now. in 2018 a 13 year old boy died after a thai boxing match renewing pressure on thailand to ban children from the sport but its popularity in revenue potential has kept it thriving. despite the risk wants to cash it. as you might be i can afford to buy my house car and

earn more money for her. and. the main income of the family at the moment comes from tata. for example the last place he had helped pay off all my debts. until the law in thailand changes children like will be allowed to put themselves in harm's way waiting for a pay day that might never come. when it turned to football now and struggling. hosted freiburg on friday the visitors wanted to win to boost the slim chances of european qualification while the home side needed 3 points to help avoid relegation and on goal from some to mario 69 minutes won the game for bill

fels lifting them out of the drop zone at least until their rivals play over the weekend remain in 10th place in the table. you're watching me as i'm told me a lot of that's it for now but $1000.00 special is up next stay with us. the fight against the corona virus pandemic. has the rate of infection in developing what does the latest research say. information and context the coronavirus update code 19 special. on t w. 20. 00 not too well. what about assuring coal.