this is bbc news. the latest headlines. 13 people have been killed after israeli air strikes in southern gaza. a bbc reporter on the ground witnessed the bombing and says he sells hundreds of injured people. numark measures has a number of civilians have been wounded in the north of israel by missiles fired by lebanon. the israeli defence force says it has responded by artillery fire. iceland is evacuating thousands of residents as experts say the chance of a volcanic eruption is rising. over 3000 earthquakes have been recorded in the last 48 hours but the icelandic president says, so far, no casualties have been recorded. and the king has led tributes to the

armed forces on remembrance sunday at a service in the cenotaph in london. thousandsjoined members of the public and the rest of the uk in a two—minute silence at 11am. it has just gone to 30 pm. good afternoon. now, here on bbc news, the interview. we're at the elysee palace in paris. that's the official residence and office of france's president. i've just been speaking to the current occupant, emmanuel macron, about some of the biggest global challenges facing us today — from the wars raging in the middle east and in ukraine, to climate change and the new technologies changing all of our lives.

we've had weeks of aid organisations sounding the alarm about gaza. and so you've now said that humanitarian pauses in fighting aren't enough and there needs to be work towards a ceasefire. are you disappointed that other world leaders aren'tjoining you in that call like the us or the uk? no, i hope they will. and let's be clear, i mean, i was one of the first leaders to call the prime minister and president of israel after the terrorist attack on the 7th of october. we clearly condemned this terrorist attack and terrorist group and recognise the right of israel to protect itself and react. but day one, we say that this reaction and the fight against terrorism, because it is led by a democracy should be compliant with international rules of war

and humanitarian international law. and day after day, what we saw is a permanent bombing of civilians in gaza. we worked very hard to try to protect people, our people there, because we believe we lost more than 40 french nationals and we still have hostages. and when i speak about that, first i think about our families. but what happened during the past weeks is that we clearly saw that a lot of civilians were killed and there is no justification for that. and the clear conclusion of everybody yesterday during the humanitarian conference, from united nations to ngos, to all the governments being present, is that there is no other solution than first

a humanitarian pause going to a ceasefire which will allow to protect these people, to take care of people being in hospitals and to protect babies, ladies, old people, all the civilians having nothing to do with these terrorists. and i think it's very important to say the whole story, but i think this is the only solution we have, this ceasefire. because it's impossible to explain — who want to fight against terrorism by killing innocent people? as you say, president macron, you've been very clear right from the beginning about israel's right to defend itself. you've talked about the fight against terrorism needing to be merciless is the word you used, but not without rules. and you've just referred there to the high loss of civilian life in gaza, you've got the united nations secretary general saying gaza is turning into a graveyard for children. do you think israel

is respecting those rules, the international rules that you're referring to? look, in the very first days, it's clear that the emotion, the compassion created a situation where everybody was just close to israel and backing them and sharing the pain. and we do share their pain and we do share their willingness to get rid of terrorism. we know what terrorism means in france. but i think there is no justification precisely to attack civilians. there is no justification to make a distinction between the different lives. palestinian lives do matter. and very clearly today, these humanitarian rules are not properly respected.

this is why i do call for this immediate humanitarian pause and a rapid ceasefire precisely to protect the civilians. second, protection of people. this is why we do need this pause and this is to prepare the ceasefire and we do need concrete action in gaza, but as well in west bank, because today you have settlers killing innocent people. and because as well you have a big economic and financial crisis situation in west bank, which jeopardises a lot of lives as well. and third, political answer, because we know the solution, the two states approach. we know the different treaties and negotiations having decided such an approach. i mean, it was not implemented. and i think if we followed this political pillar, we miss a critical point because there is a legitimate aspiration of palestinian people to get a state and proper territory. are you saying that israel

is guilty of breaking international humanitarian law, potential war crimes? no, i'm here... look, i think it's not the proper way to approach the question. we do recognise their right to protect themselves. we do contest the fact that the better way to protect itself is having a large bombing of gaza. we are ready to cooperate to target terrorists and terrorist groups to help in order to fight against terror. but we do urge them to stop this bombing, and it's not time to look at responsibilities and so on. and one month after this terrorist attack, i think it would be not the right way to deal with a partner and friend just to say,

you will be condemned and you are guilty. de facto today civilians are bombed. de facto, these babies and ladies and old people are bombed and killed. so there is no reason for that and no legitimacy. so we do urge israel to stop. i'm not here to... i'm not a judge, i'm a head of state. i think now it's time for a ceasefire, for a humanitarian ceasefire. and i think even it's good for israel. because i think for the security of israel they should not have millions of palestinian people or people in the region with this image, living with that. because they are just preparing, i mean, resentment and bad feelings. so my point, i'm not a judge, i don't condemn or say right or wrong

regarding international law. ijust remind everybody, international law, i call for a ceasefire and i will urge them for a ceasefire, for a humanitarian ceasefire. there is a lot of anger, there's a lot of anger and frustration across the region. passions are inflamed on all sides. france is home to europe's largestjewish community and its largest community of muslims as well. there was a recent yougov poll here at the end of the month saying that more than 70% of french are worried about a spillover of violence and tension here in france. how dangerous a moment is this, would you say, for france and for europe? this is clear. and what you say is perfectly true. the french nation is not an edition of communities. and it's true that probably we have the biggest community of french people having as a religion indeed islam. and we do have a big jewish

community as well, probably one of the biggest in europe. but all of them are french citizens. all of them, as french citizens, should condemn, without any ambiguity, any terrorist attack, because we were hurt by this terrorist attack. and they could be... they could have a religion or no religion. they could be muslim orjewish. they are first french citizen. and this is why all the french citizens have to condemn any anti—semitic act and anti—semitism, because we have a big rise of anti—semitism in this country, as in the rest of europe and the rest of the world, without any reason and justification and reason for that. and all french citizens have to be very clear in this condemnation, and be united against anti—semitism.

and all french citizens should be clear in defending and protecting all lives. and nobody could support the bombing of civilians for any reason. and how do you protect french citizens, global citizens, from online hatred, violence, extremism? this is something that you've been talking to world leaders about. meta, though, didn't send any representative to your discussions. and x only sent low—level representation. do you think that protection of civilians has got harder, for example, since elon musk took over twitter, now known as x? look, i'm not obsessed by a person and people. ijust look at facts. we are very much engaged and we started, by the way, six years ago after the terrorist attack in uk injuly'17, with terrorism, trying to launch an initiative. and we were quite isolated at the time, unhappily. a lot of leaders in this world

said, oh, free speech, we should not block anything, and so on. but after the christchurch attack in new zealand, we launched here in the elysee palace what we called the christchurch call, in may 2019. and we got some results. because this is where we built this famous golden hour in order to withdraw terrorist content. and it works. but some platforms just don't deliver. meta and google don't deliver. they didn't do what they committed to do one year ago with us. and they organise their absence, either in new york or in paris they cannotjoin. i mean, the president of france and some other leaders can be available. they are not available. so it's not important for them. i take the point. but i mean, trust needs evidence and commitment. as for twitter. . .they

co—operated on the transparency of algorithm, and i think i want to believe they will engage. i hope so. when i look at the number of moderators all these big platforms have, especially in french language, it's very low. when you have 50% in order to monitor or moderate all the french content, you have 330 million inhabitants in this planet speaking french. do you believe that 50 people could regulate and moderate and deal with cyberbullying, with hate speech and so? and it's not serious. they are not serious. when we look at the various crises in the world, when we look at what's going on in the middle east, ukraine is worried. it's worried that its backers are going to become distracted. you have assured kyiv that's not going to happen. how do you ensure that, though? we've heard from the top general in ukraine that there's a sort of a stalemate situation with russia. backing ukraine costs a lot of money. so it's notjust about leaders, but what about the the general public who have other issues on their plate, like the cost of living crisis?

how do you keep everybody on board? look, it's very easy when you have this type of situation. what's a what if scenario? let's imagine we stop helping ukraine. fine. what do we think? probably they will be defeated. what does it mean? as for europeans, it means there is no more serious security and architecture of security in this continent because you will have a new imperial power. so i think there is no better option than helping ukraine to resist, to put itself in a situation to have fair and good negotiations, and to come back at the table and find a solution with russia. but in a situation where they could defend both the territory and the security. so not yet? i think it's not yet the case. i'm not the one to decide the right moment. this is the two parties being on the ground. but it's clear that ukraine is finishing this

new counter—offensive. i think the months to come will be critical. but i think in the months to come, we will have to refresh our approach and see how we can be much more efficient and at which condition russia as well could negotiate. if they say, "i take it all," i mean, it's impossible to negotiate. but this is for the ukrainians to decide any type of negotiation. but i think our duty is to help ukraine to remain committed, as we are, and to provide visibility. and in parallel to progress on nato�*s and eu track. so the united states has been key for supporting ukraine alongside europe, but we don't know who's going to end up in the white house next year after presidential elections. can europe go it alone when it comes to defense? and would you want to count on the uk formally in that kind of scenario? first, i have to say we were very lucky and we are very

lucky with to have such an administration in the us. let's be clear. because they are committed and they have a very reasonable diplomacy, meaning helping this democracy to protect its territory, meaning ukraine, without creating any escalation. so we are very lucky. second, i don't make any bets on us domestic policies. i want to believe it should be a bipartisan consensus, because clearly what is at stake is as well the un charter principles, i mean territoria, integrity and sovereignty. third, i think the europeans have to clearly endorse their role.

we speak about our direct neighbourhood and this is our duty to be more and more engaged and to be part of it and to be core, i would say, as us being around the table. i think one of the big problems of europe and i mentioned that a few years ago when i was quite definitive with nato�*s, saying it's brain dead. brain dead, yes, very famously. and i mean, we had a superb wake up call thanks to mr putin. i mean, if it was brain dead, itjust made a wake up call because of this aggression and the war he launched. now we have to re—engage in ukraine. this is what we do. but we have to endorse this effort, endorse the political role and be part of the construction of the future architecture of security for europe. i think it's absolutely key. so whatever happens in the us, i think we should be more involved in western balkans, in ukraine, in caucasus, but as well in africa altogether. because it's part of our neighbourhood and it's normal, it's legitimate to share the burden, i would say, and notjust to look

at the us saying, "0k, guys, who are you and what do you pay?" and just to follow up. looking globally, are you concerned that things feel more and more polarised? i mean, whether it's over israel—gaza, whether it's over russia's invasion of ukraine or when it comes to a subject very close to your heart, which is climate change, and we hearfrom poorer countries saying, well, it's ok for you with money, but for us it's a choice — either we fight poverty or we fight climate change. you have been trying to do something about that, but how successful do you feel you've been? it will take time. i mean, it's true and everywhere globally, but as well as at the scale of a nation, we have more and more polarisation. for quite simple reasons, people are over informed, but through social networks and a lot of platforms and you have a merit order in a certain way. argument is less powerful than emotion, and negative emotion is more powerful than positive emotion. during the past three years, i dedicated a lot of my time to build bridges between

north and south, between europeans, americans and the rest of the world. reiterating the fact that we do share the same challenges and we have to increase the solidarity because this is our interest. and we formalised, we finalised the for peace paris pact for people on the planet. and this pact has a very simple motto in a certain way. number one, nobody should be put in a situation to choose between fight against poverty and for planet. we have the un's cop summit coming up, this un summit on the environment and to combat climate change. you've been talking here with world leaders at the paris peace forum about the polar ice caps. and i think it's probably quite hard to find a world leader who will say, "i don't care about the environment".

but don't you find, president macron, that with all of these crises that we've been discussing, whether it's covid or whether it's the middle east, that the environment often gets pushed to the bottom of the pile because it's seen like a longer term issue? i think this is a short and long term issue, but i really believe that climate and biodiversity, i always take both together, our part of the top agenda, and i would say hot agenda. because it's now, it's here and it's a source of a lot of crisis. because you will see because of climate change and the consequences, you will have terrorist groups being organised. i would i would take a very simple example — lake chad. lake chad in the middle of niger, chad, nigeria. look at the number of terrorist groups created during the past decade there. why? because of the consequence of climate change.

a lot of families living as fishermen and thanks to the lake, were just out of the region because of the consequence of climate change and the fact that there was no more water, a lot of species just disappeared and so on. and it created poverty and this poverty pushed a lot of people to terrorism, terrorist groups in chad. everything is linked and i think if we want to have sort of as well, a sort of list of priorities, number one priority would be sure that we help the emerging and developing country to get rid of coal, to go first to gas, to renewables, nuclear energy and so on, but very fast to get rid of coal and after to get rid of fossil fuels. and we launch here in paris this initiative with the one polar summit on poles. because cryosphere is absolutely critical. cryosphere is impacted by the consequences of the c02 being being emitted. but if we have a clear

mobilisation of our scientists and government, we can reduce the speediness of melting effects on arctic and antarctic, but as well in the different glaciers of this world. france's relationship with the united kingdom, you had a very warm summit with prime minister sunak here in paris earlier on this year. where would you say we are now with with that relationship? because i sense often when i come to france a certain frustration that outwardly, at least in the uk, there's still a concentration on fallout from brexit, or people—smugglers�* boats over the channel. where do you feel the relationship is? look, i think... we had a very good summit with prime minister sunak. we had a wonderful state visit with the king and the queen. a very warm and, yes,

wonderful visit. we were very proud and very happy to have both of them here in the country. we know well each other, uk and france for centuries. and i think given all the challenges i mentioned, we do need each other. i mean, who is the best partner when you speak about security and fixing conflicts? uk and france. how do you succeed in biodiversity in climate, except if we work closely together. how to deal with the digital world, when you look at the two main countries in europe on artificial intelligence, are uk and france. so we have a lot of things to do and i think we are in

a period of time to redesign the relationship post—brexit. as you know, i do regret, i'm not the one to command a sovereign decision of your people. but i mean, as a friend and a counterpart, i do regret this decision. but i think we have to re—engage and reinvent something else between uk and france, but as well between uk and the eu. i think this is a necessity and this is good for both of us. i will come next year for a new summit and we will celebrate the entente cordiale. and this is a very special moment to me. so i'm optimistic about the relation and what we can be together. and i think we are this type of nation whose dna is to think bigger than we are. and this is why the best way to rebuild the friendship is precisely to do big things

together for the world. and notjust to look at the nitty gritty and the bilateral relation. i wonder sometimes when you are a president who makes it clear that you want to work on immediate crises, the longer term issues, lots of initiatives. as a world leader, you come under a lot of criticism as well, do you ever feel sometimes when you wake up in the morning, you just want to pull the duvet over your head? i think this is a chance and an honour to be... to have responsibilities in this world. because i think we do live in a period of time where we are reshaping our world and we are living in a period of time where, through our decisions, and sometimes very small or daily decisions, they will have very concrete and important and sometimes long—term consequences. this is a time of reshaping, i'm sure about that.

and speaking about peace and stability, about technology and the consequences of artificial intelligence, about democracy, about climate change and biodiversity. this is a moment, i mean, from two to four years to come, depending on the decisions we will take or we will not take, we will, de facto, opens on windows or close some doors. not just for us, but for generations to come. and this is a huge responsibility we do have, all of us, especially in that time. so we have to be committed, we have to be lucid. sometimes we have to be bold. but we do need international cooperation, multilateralism — we have to rebuild that. but i mean, this is a unique chance. mr president, monsieur

macron, merci beaucoup. it is a grey and rainy picture across many parts of the country. the sunshine has gone. if anything, it will go down hill even further. storm debi is approaching, and that will bring severe gales to northern parts of the country. if you look at the satellite picture, one weather front crossing the country today, this is the next area of cloud and low pressure, very quickly developing and sweeping in from the south—west. a lot of isobars there. that steep pressure gradient, meaning very strong winds. in the short—term, wet weather, you can see where the is there, northern and central parts of the uk. a bit of the gap then

in the evening hours, and then that storm develops just to the south west of ireland. very strong winds blowing through ireland, some very heavy rain, and that reaches the uk in the early hours. big temperature contrasts early on monday morning. 14 in plymouth, 6 degrees expected in the lowlands of scotland. let's pick up on the storm. low pressure moving through northern ireland here. gusts of about 80 mph. 60 mph are possible as well. that is damaging and destructive. very heavy rain in eastern scotland and for a time in northern ireland. those gales will blast their way through northern england and northern wales. very blustery further south, but i think eventually in the afternoon, the weather will improve in wales and certainly more southern parts of the uk. in fact, some sunshine for places like birmingham, cardiff and london.

after a stormy monday, here is tuesday's forecast. still a fairly blustery day, but not as windy. frequent showers are expected across northern and western areas of the uk. the further east you are, perhaps the brighter the weather will be. temperatures on tuesday about 10 degrees in glasgow, and typically around 13 or 14 across more southern parts of the uk. i want to pick up on the rainfall. it will be a very white week ahead. you can see the dark blues in different places, 40 or 50 millimetres of rain possible. take care. stay with us here on bbc news.

live from london. this is bbc news. hamas says 13 people have been killed after israeli air strikes near khan younis in southern gaza. 0ur reporter on the ground witnessed the bombing. israel's army has agreed to evacuate premature babies from al—shifa hospital, where doctors say two babies have already died, because of the lack of power. iceland evacuates thousands of people from towns in the west of the country, as experts say the chance of a volcanic eruption is rising. and king charles leads tributes to the armed forces on remembrance

sunday in a service at the